Evergreen Rose (Rosa sempervirens)
The evergreen rose (Rosa sempervirens) is a vigorous climbing or trailing shrub native to the Mediterranean region and parts of western Europe. It grows between 6 and 20 feet (2 to 6 meters) tall, often scrambling over rocks, trees, and fences with its flexible, arching stems. Its glossy, dark green leaves remain on the plant year-round, giving it its “evergreen” name.
During late spring and early summer, it produces delicate, white, five-petaled flowers with a light fragrance. These flowers attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies. After flowering, it develops small, oval-shaped red hips that persist into winter, providing food for birds and other wildlife.
Thriving in well-drained, sandy, or rocky soils, the evergreen rose prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. It withstands drought once established, making it well-suited for Mediterranean climates. It is commonly grown as an ornamental climbing plant, used for ground cover, or trained on trellises and fences. Its dense growth also provides shelter for birds and small animals.
Scientific Classification of Evergreen Rose
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Clade | Angiosperms |
| Clade | Eudicots |
| Order | Rosales |
| Family | Rosaceae |
| Genus | Rosa |
| Scientific Name | Rosa sempervirens |
Quick Information
| Plant Type | Climbing or trailing shrub |
| Identification | Height: 6 to 20 feet (2 to 6 meters) Leaves: Evergreen, dark green, glossy Stem: Arching, climbing, sometimes thorny Flowers: White, five-petaled, fragrant, blooming in late spring and early summer Fruits: Small, red, oval-shaped hips Roots: Deep, fibrous Growth Habit: Vigorous, spreading, climbing or trailing |
| Distribution | Mediterranean region, western Europe |
| Habitat | Woodlands, rocky slopes, hedgerows, dry scrubland |
| USDA Hardiness Zone | Zones 6–9 |
| Growth Rate | Fast |
| Lifespan | Long-lived perennial |
| Growing Conditions | Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade Soil: Well-drained, sandy, rocky Water: Low to moderate, drought-tolerant |
| Drought Tolerance | High |
| Diseases | Susceptible to powdery mildew and black spot in humid conditions |
| Pests | Aphids, spider mites, and caterpillars |
| Reproductive System | Produces seeds in hips, also spreads by layering |
| Propagation | Seeds, cuttings, layering |
| Wildlife Value | Attracts pollinators, provides food and shelter for birds and insects |
| Uses | Ornamental, climbing plant for trellises, walls, and fences, ground cover |
| IUCN Conservation Status | Not Evaluated |