Mediterranean Forest Plants
Sclerophyllous Plants
The vegetation in Mediterranean forests typically includes evergreen shrubs and small trees with hard, leathery leaves. These adaptations help plants survive the long, dry summers.
Mixed Woodlands
These forests can also include a mix of broad-leaf evergreen trees and deciduous trees, along with various shrubs and herbaceous plants.
Fire Adaptation
Many plants in this biome are adapted to periodic wildfires, which are a natural part of the ecosystem. Some species have seeds that require the heat of a fire to germinate.
Trees | Cork Oak, Holm Oak, Olive Tree, European Beech, Hungarian Oak, Bay Laurel, Strawberry Tree, Sweet Chestnut, Carob Tree, Aleppo Pine, Manna Ash, Stone Pine, Downy Oak, Terebinth, Valonia Oak, Jerusalem Thorn, Wild Pear, Portuguese Oak, Phillyrea, Kermes Oak, Service Tree, Wild Pistachio, Mastic Tree, Eastern Redbud, Portuguese Oak, Algerian Oak |
Shrubs | Rosemary, Lavender, Rock Rose, Myrtle, Juniper, Spanish broom, Lentisk, Oleander |
Herbs | Mediterranean thyme, Oregano, Basil, Marjoram, Parsley, Fennel, Sage, Coriander, Dill, Chamomile, Mint, Tarragon |
Grasses | Wild oat, Mediterranean grasses, Fescue, Brome, Barley grass, Ryegrass, Bluegrass, Bentgrass, Quaking grass, Canary grass, Needlegrass, Stipa, and Foxtail |
Climbers and Vines | Ivy, Wild grape, Honeysuckle, Bougainvillea, Wisteria, Clematis, Jasmine, Passionflower, Smilax (also known as sarsaparilla), Morning glory, Trumpet vine, Virginia creeper, Black bryony |