Jerusalem Thorn (Parkinsonia aculeata)

Jerusalem thorn is a fast-growing, small deciduous tree native to arid and semi-arid regions of the Americas but widely naturalized in the Mediterranean and other warm climates. The tree grows 15 to 30 feet (4.6 to 9.1 meters) tall, with a spreading canopy of feathery, bright green foliage. Its thin, pendulous branches bear small thorns, adding to its name. The leaves consist of long, narrow stems with pairs of tiny, oval leaflets. During late spring and summer, it produces clusters of striking yellow flowers with orange or red markings, followed by slender seed pods.

Highly drought-tolerant, Jerusalem thorn thrives in well-drained soils and full sun. It often serves as an ornamental plant, windbreak, or erosion control species in dry regions. Its hardy nature makes it an excellent choice for water-conserving landscapes. Though valued for its resilience, the tree can become invasive in some areas. Historically, it has also been used in traditional medicine for its reported antiseptic properties.

Scientific Classification of Jerusalem Thorn

Kingdom	Plantae
Clade	Angiosperms
Clade	Eudicots
Order	Fabales
Family	Fabaceae
Genus	Parkinsonia
Scientific Name	Parkinsonia aculeata

Quick Information

Plant Type	Deciduous tree
Identification	Height: 15 to 30 feet (4.6 to 9.1 meters) Leaves: Feathery, long stems with pairs of tiny, oval leaflets Stem: Thin, pendulous branches with small thorns Flowers: Clusters of yellow blooms with orange or red markings, appearing in late spring to summer Roots: Deep, taproot system Growth Habit: Upright with a spreading, airy canopy Crown: Open and irregularly shaped
Distribution	Native to the Americas; naturalized in the Mediterranean, Africa, and Australia
Habitat	Dry, arid regions; commonly found along roadsides, in deserts, and in water-conserving landscapes
USDA Hardiness Zone	9 through 11
Growth Rate	Fast; can grow 2 to 4 feet (0.6 to 1.2 meters) annually
Lifespan	Typically lives 50 to 70 years, though it may vary depending on environmental conditions
Growing Conditions	Sunlight: Full sun Soil: Well-drained, sandy or rocky soils Water: Low water needs, highly drought-tolerant
Drought Tolerance	High; well-suited for arid climates
Diseases	Susceptible to root rot in poorly drained soils
Pests	May be affected by aphids, spider mites, and caterpillars
Reproductive System	Produces slender seed pods; propagates readily from seeds
Propagation	Through seeds, sometimes cuttings
Wildlife Value	Provides nectar for pollinators, shade for small animals, and nesting sites for birds
Uses	Ornamental plant, windbreak, erosion control, xeriscaping
IUCN Conservation Status	Not currently listed as threatened