Mediterranean Buckthorn (Rhamnus alaternus)
Mediterranean buckthorn is an evergreen shrub or small tree from the buckthorn family. It usually grows between 6 and 16 feet (1.8 to 4.9 meters) tall. The leaves are oval, leathery, and dark green, often with a glossy finish. The branches are slender and dense, creating a rounded form. Small, yellow-green flowers appear in late winter to early spring, followed by red berries that darken to black as they ripen.
Native to the Mediterranean region, Mediterranean buckthorn thrives in rocky, well-drained soils and full sun to partial shade. It is drought-tolerant and often found in scrubland, coastal areas, and woodland edges. This plant is primarily ornamental, appreciated for its adaptability and dense foliage, which makes it ideal for hedges and privacy screens. It also plays a role in preventing soil erosion in its native habitats.
Scientific Classification of Mediterranean Buckthorn
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Clade | Angiosperms |
| Clade | Eudicots |
| Order | Rosales |
| Family | Rhamnaceae |
| Genus | Rhamnus |
| Scientific Name | Rhamnus alaternus |
Quick Information
| Plant Type | Evergreen shrub or small tree |
| Identification | Height: 6 to 16 feet (1.8 to 4.9 meters) Leaves: Oval, leathery, dark green, glossy Stem: Slender, dense branches Flowers: Small, yellow-green, blooming late winter to early spring Fruits: Red berries turning black at maturity Roots: Deep, well-established system Growth Habit: Rounded form |
| Distribution | Native to the Mediterranean region |
| Habitat | Rocky, well-drained soils, coastal areas, woodland edges |
| USDA Hardiness Zone | Zones 8–10 |
| Growth Rate | Moderate |
| Lifespan | Long-lived perennial |
| Growing Conditions | Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade Soil: Well-drained, rocky, sandy Water: Low; drought-tolerant |
| Drought Tolerance | High |
| Diseases | Generally resistant to diseases |
| Pests | Minimal pest issues |
| Reproductive System | Produces both male and female flowers on the same plant (monoecious) |
| Propagation | Seeds, cuttings |
| Wildlife Value | Provides food and habitat for birds and insects |
| Uses | Ornamental (hedges, privacy screens), erosion control |
| IUCN Conservation Status | Not Evaluated |
