Phillyrea (Phillyrea spp.)
Phillyrea, a genus of evergreen shrubs or small trees, is native to the Mediterranean region. Known for its hardiness and adaptability, it thrives in dry, rocky areas and scrublands. Phillyrea grows 6 to 20 feet (1.8 to 6 meters) tall, depending on the species and environmental conditions. Its leaves are glossy, dark green, and oval-shaped, resembling those of the olive tree. Small, greenish-white flowers bloom in spring, followed by small, drupe-like fruits that turn black when ripe.
Phillyrea is valued in landscaping for its dense foliage, which provides excellent windbreaks and privacy screens. It also plays a crucial role in Mediterranean ecosystems, offering shelter and food for wildlife. Its drought tolerance and ability to thrive in poor soils make it a staple in xeriscaping. Though less known for ornamental use, its understated elegance and durability have gained recognition in sustainable gardening practices.
Scientific Classification of Phillyrea
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Clade | Angiosperms |
| Clade | Eudicots |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Oleaceae |
| Genus | Phillyrea |
| Scientific Name | Phillyrea spp. |
Photo: Krzysztof Ziarnek
Quick Information
| Plant Type | Evergreen shrub or small tree |
| Identification | Height: 6 to 20 feet (1.8 to 6 meters) Leaves: Glossy, dark green, oval-shaped Stem: Woody, branching stems Flowers: Small, greenish-white blooms in spring Roots: Deep and fibrous Growth Habit: Dense, bushy growth with upright form Crown: Rounded and compact |
| Distribution | Native to the Mediterranean region; cultivated worldwide in suitable climates |
| Habitat | Grows in rocky, dry areas, often found in scrublands and along coastal regions |
| USDA Hardiness Zone | 8 through 10 |
| Growth Rate | Moderate; grows 8-12 inches (20-30 cm) annually |
| Lifespan | Long-lived perennial; lifespan can extend over several decades |
| Growing Conditions | Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade Soil: Well-drained, rocky, or sandy soils Water: Low water needs, highly drought-tolerant |
| Drought Tolerance | High; thrives in arid conditions |
| Diseases | Generally disease-resistant but may occasionally face fungal infections |
| Pests | Susceptible to scale insects and leaf-mining moths |
| Reproductive System | Produces small drupe-like fruits; primarily propagated by seeds |
| Propagation | Through seeds and semi-hardwood cuttings |
| Wildlife Value | Provides food for birds and shelter for small animals |
| Uses | Ornamental hedges, windbreaks, xeriscaping, and ecosystem restoration |
| IUCN Conservation Status | Not currently listed as threatened |
Photo: Giancarlo Dessi
