Mediterranean Forest Plants

Sclerophyllous Plants

The vegetation in Mediterranean forests typically includes evergreen shrubs and small trees with hard, leathery leaves. These adaptations help plants survive the long, dry summers.

Mixed Woodlands

These forests can also include a mix of broad-leaf evergreen trees and deciduous trees, along with various shrubs and herbaceous plants.

Fire Adaptation

Many plants in this biome are adapted to periodic wildfires, which are a natural part of the ecosystem. Some species have seeds that require the heat of a fire to germinate.

Trees	Cork Oak, Holm Oak, Olive Tree, European Beech, Hungarian Oak, Bay Laurel, Strawberry Tree, Sweet Chestnut, Carob Tree, Aleppo Pine, Manna Ash, Stone Pine, Downy Oak, Terebinth, Valonia Oak, Jerusalem Thorn, Wild Pear, Portuguese Oak, Phillyrea, Kermes Oak, Service Tree, Wild Pistachio, Mastic Tree, Eastern Redbud, Portuguese Oak, Algerian Oak
Shrubs	Rosemary, Lavender, Rock Rose, Myrtle, Juniper, Spanish broom, Lentisk, Oleander
Herbs	Mediterranean thyme, Oregano, Basil, Marjoram, Parsley, Fennel, Sage, Coriander, Dill, Chamomile, Mint, Tarragon
Grasses	Wild oat, Mediterranean grasses, Fescue, Brome, Barley grass, Ryegrass, Bluegrass, Bentgrass, Quaking grass, Canary grass, Needlegrass, Stipa, and Foxtail
Climbers and Vines	Ivy, Wild grape, Honeysuckle, Bougainvillea, Wisteria, Clematis, Jasmine, Passionflower, Smilax (also known as sarsaparilla), Morning glory, Trumpet vine, Virginia creeper, Black bryony